@article { author = {Askari, Amir Abbas and Behrouz, Turaj}, title = {A Fully Integrated Method for Dynamic Rock Type Characterization Development in One of Iranian Off-Shore Oil Reservoir}, journal = {Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {83-96}, year = {2011}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2423-673X}, eissn = {2423-6721}, doi = {10.22059/jchpe.2011.1510}, abstract = {Rock selection in modeling and simulation studies is usually based on two techniques; routinely defined rock types and those defined by special core analysis (SCAL). The challenge in utilizing these two techniques is that they are frequently assumed to be the same, but in practice, static rock-types (routinely defined) are not always representative of dynamic rock-types (SCAL defined) in the real reservoir. There is also no significant link between these two techniques. To fill this gap, we integrate the well log data for identification of the optimal number of rock-types, and SCAL data with its high interpretive potential in a given reservoir zonation. In this paper, we propose a method in one of Iranian offshore oil reservoir with a tight carbonate formation for dynamic rock type characterization. In this method, with the integration of well logs and core description data using multivariate statistical methods, different static rock-types can be identified, but these rock types cannot be assigned for fluid flow simulation. So, with our approach based on capillary pressure curves, different flow behavior can be classified. This technique can be done by using integration of similar capillary pressure curves due to the inlet pressure corresponding to the log parameters. Finally, with integration of capillary pressure and well log data, two different dynamic rock-types with distinct flow behavior were identified. This method can be used for the development of rock-type characterization and deriving of saturation height functions for calculation of initial water saturation in any heterogonous reservoir and it is an applicable solution for inputs in Geomodel and also simulation models.}, keywords = {Dynamic rock-typing,Multivariate statistical,Mercury injection,capillary pressure,EQuivalent Radius method (EQR)}, url = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1510.html}, eprint = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1510_f735cb3fc6474f3c0fae0c6c77e8e94e.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghafarizadeh, Behzad and Rashchi, Fereshteh}, title = {Separation of Manganese and Iron from Reductive Leaching Liquor of Electric Arc Furnace Dust of Ferromanganese Production Units by Solvent Extraction}, journal = {Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {97-107}, year = {2011}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2423-673X}, eissn = {2423-6721}, doi = {10.22059/jchpe.2011.1511}, abstract = {Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) of ferromanganese production units, in the form of slurry, contains tar, alkalies, manganese, zinc, iron, silica, calcium, aluminum and other elements. A hydrometallurgical route based on solvent extraction technique was investigated for selective separation of manganese from the dust. Leaching of the EAFD resulted in an aqueous feed containing 4 g/L of manganese and 0.87 g/L iron. At the next stage, extraction of manganese and iron from the leach liquor was performed using D2EHPA, Cyanex 272, Cyanex 302 and their mixtures in various proportions. The synergistic effect of the extractants on the separation of iron and manganese with a mixture of D2EHPA and Cyanex 272 or Cyanex 302 was studied. Increasing the Cyanex 272/ 302 to D2EHPA ratio in the organic phase increased the distance between the extraction isotherms of manganese and Iron. The highest separation factor of iron over manganese was obtained with 15:5% v/v of Cyanex 302: D2EHPA mixture. Effects of various aromatic and aliphatic diluents, such as hexane, kerosene, and carbon tetrachloride on the extraction were also investigated.}, keywords = {solvent extraction,EAFD,D2EHPA,Cyanex 272,Cyanex 302,Synergistic effect}, url = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1511.html}, eprint = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1511_94c5bf1ee4ac7a000207ab1e8506cded.pdf} } @article { author = {Khodadoost, Mobina and Sadeghi, Jafar}, title = {Dynamic Simulation of Distillation Sequences in Dew Pointing Unit of South Pars Gas Refinery}, journal = {Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {109-116}, year = {2011}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2423-673X}, eissn = {2423-6721}, doi = {10.22059/jchpe.2011.1512}, abstract = {The understanding of the dynamic behavior of distillation columns has received considerable attention because distillation is one of the most widely used unit operations in chemical process industries. This paper reports a dynamic simulation study of the possible distillation columns sequences of Dew pointing unit in the second phase of South Pars Gas Refinery. In this unit, three columns are used for separating the feed of normal paraffin, from methane to n-Decane into the four mixtures of products; so five different simple columns sequences are possible. In this work, we made use of linking between Aspen dynamic and MATLAB Simulink software’s for achieving our purpose. At first, simulation and design of the distillation sequences were performed in steady state by using the process simulators Aspen Plus 2006.  After steady state simulation, the parameters required for the dynamic simulation were entered and the files were exported to ASPEN Dynamics. PI and PID controller as basic controllers were automatically added and were tuned by the conservative Tyreus–Luyben tuning method. Then the model which connects MATLAB to Aspen Dynamic was created in Simulink and the behavior of the five different sequences in dynamic regime was observed after changing the flow rate of the feed steam by. The results show that the steady state simulation is suitable for the start point, but it is better to use dynamic simulation to design and simulate the chemical process industries because in dynamic simulator there are nonlinear models for calculating the equations of state and simulating the chemical process. In addition, in dynamic simulation we are faced with real condition of process so the obtained results will be close to the real ones. After dynamic investigation, it were found that the sequences-2, sequences-4 and sequences-5 have suitable dynamic behavior for controlling because of auto-rejection of the disturbances, but the sequences-1 and sequences-3 have complex dynamic response and they are found to be hard to control.}, keywords = {Dynamic Behavior,Aspen Dynamic,simulation,MATLAB,control,Distillation,Columns sequences,Chemical process}, url = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1512.html}, eprint = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1512_98f96216c140ac4583906564f963fa93.pdf} } @article { author = {Moradgholi, Farzaneh and Mostoufi, Navid and Sotudeh-Gharebagh, Rahmat}, title = {Determination of Cluster Hydrodynamics in Bubbling Fluidized Beds by the EMMS Approach}, journal = {Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {117-129}, year = {2011}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2423-673X}, eissn = {2423-6721}, doi = {10.22059/jchpe.2011.1513}, abstract = {The local solid flow structure of gas-solid bubbling fluidized bed was investigated to identify and characterize the particle clusters. Extensive mathematical calculations were carried out using the energy-minimization multi-scale (EMMS) approach for evaluating cluster properties including the velocity, the size and the void fraction of clusters in the dense phase of the bed. The results showed that by increasing the gas velocity, the void fraction of clusters increases and also the larger portion of solids move in the bed in the form of cluster.  Modeled results were in good agreement with the experimental data reported in literature in terms of the velocity, the size the void fraction of clusters. The results of this study help to comprehend the hydrodynamics of clusters in gas-solid bubbling fluidized beds.}, keywords = {EMMS,Bubbling fluidized bed,Cluster velocity,Cluster diameter}, url = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1513.html}, eprint = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1513_6c6036474b5dc23624dbcc93a6ac6179.pdf} } @article { author = {Pahlavanzadeh, Hasan and Bakhshi, Hamid}, title = {Measurement and Modeling of Acridine Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide}, journal = {Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {131-140}, year = {2011}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2423-673X}, eissn = {2423-6721}, doi = {10.22059/jchpe.2011.1514}, abstract = {Supercritical carbon dioxide has gained increasing attention in food and pharmaceutical processing owing to the fact that it is environmentally inexpensive, not flammable, essentially non-toxic, and it has a convenient critical point. Also, it has been attracting much attention in many fields, such as extraction of sensitive materials and pharmaceutical processing and polymerization processes. For designing these processes, solubility data of solute in SCCO2 are needed as the fundamental knowledge. And the correlation and extension of existing equilibrium data is an important step in the application and development of such processes.  Acridine is a raw material used for the production of dyes and some valuable drugs and its derivatives have antiseptic properties like Proflavine. In this research, the solubility of Acridine in supercritical carbon dioxide was measured at temperatures of 313, 323 and 333 K and in the pressure range of 120 to 350 bar using static method. The crossover pressure of Acridine was observed at about 150 bar. The experimental data were correlated using Peng- Robinson (PR) and Soave- Redlich- Kwong (SRK) equations of state (EOS) and van der Waals mixing rule with one (vdW 1) and two adjustable parameters (vdW 2) and Huron-Vidal mixing rules. For applying the Huron-Vidal mixing rule, NRTL activity coefficient model was used.  The binary interaction parameters of the studied models were reported. The results of average absolute relative deviations (AARD) illustrated good accuracy of the studied models. Furtheremore, the modeling has been done with and without considering the sublimation pressure of the solid (Acridine) as an additional adjustable parameter.  It can be concluded when sublimation pressure is considered as adjustable parameter, the AARD results of the studied models significantly decrease. Also, the estimated values of sublimation pressure of Acridine were reported at different temperatures. The results also showed that, among the studied models, PR- HV model with adjusted Psub has the minimum AARD (2.47 %).}, keywords = {Acridine, Equation of state,Mixing rule,solubility,Supercritical CO2}, url = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1514.html}, eprint = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1514_fe3804798514914aa08d3bd1fea327e8.pdf} } @article { author = {Safarzadeh, Mohammad Amin and Tabatabaei Nejad, Seyyed Alireza and Sahraei, Eghbal}, title = {Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Calcium Lignosulfonate on Adsorption Phenomenon in Surfactant Alternative Gas Injection}, journal = {Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {141-151}, year = {2011}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2423-673X}, eissn = {2423-6721}, doi = {10.22059/jchpe.2011.1515}, abstract = {Fractional flow analysis confirms the advantages of surfactant alternative gas injection (SAG) in enhanced oil recovery, but an adsorption phenomenon that has been affected by several factors, weakens the effectiveness of SAG injection. In this study, the effects of sacrificial agent, gas phase, and surfactant concentration on adsorption density on silica mineral were investigated by static and dynamic adsorption experiments. A series of SAG tests were performed to examine the effect of injection rates and presence of Calcium Lignosulfonate (CLS) on oil recovery. Also, variation of effluent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration during SAG test was examined. Spectrophotometric method based on the formation of an ion-pair was used in all experiments for determination of SDS concentration. The results of adsorption experiments show that SDS adsorption density on silica was reduced when nitrogen was imposed instead of using methane. It can be reduced with addition of CLS as sacrificial agents and amount of adsorption reduction increases as concentration increases. Flooding experiment results show that SAG injection increase ultimate recovery up to 10% in comparison with water alternative gas (WAG) injection. Increasing viscosity of gas phase and its trapping in porous media results a decrease in the mobility of gas and an increase in oil recovery. Stability of formed foam in porous media is rate-depended and higher SDS adsorption was observed at first cycle of SAG injection due to high solid/liquid interaction. Using CLS slightly increases the ultimate oil recovery, while it decreases the adsorption density of SDS about 22 percent during the SAG test.}, keywords = {Surfactant alternative gas (SAG),Oil Recovery,Adsorption,Ion pair,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate,Calcium Lignosulfonate (CLS),Mobility control}, url = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1515.html}, eprint = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1515_349fa46feada5683349a124ce5d1b86b.pdf} } @article { author = {Talaghat, Mohammad Reza}, title = {Experimental Investigation of Natural Gas Components During Gas Hydrate Formation in Presence or Absence of the L-Tyrosine as a Kinetic Inhibitor in a Flow Mini-loop Apparatus}, journal = {Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {153-166}, year = {2011}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2423-673X}, eissn = {2423-6721}, doi = {10.22059/jchpe.2011.1516}, abstract = {Hydrates are crystalline compounds similar to ice, with guest molecules like methane and ethane trapped inside cavities or cages formed by the hydrogen bounded framework of water molecules. These solid compounds give rise to problems in the natural gas oil industry because they can plug pipelines and process equipments. Low dosage hydrate inhibitors are a recently developed hydrate control technology, which can be more cost-effective than traditional practices such as methanol and glycols. The main objective of the present work is to experimentally investigate simple gas hydrate formation with or without the presence of kinetic inhibitors in a flow mini-loop apparatus.  For this purpose, a laboratory flow mini-loop apparatus was set up to measure the induction time and gas consumption rate during gas hydrate formation when a hydrate forming substance such as methane, ethane, propane, carbon dioxide and  iso- butane is contacted with water in the absence or presence of dissolved inhibitor at various concentration under suitable temperature and pressure conditions. In each experiment, a water blend saturated with pure gas is circulated up to a required pressure. Pressure is maintained at a constant value during experimental runs by means of the required gas make-up. The effect of pressure on gas consumption during hydrate formation is investigated with or without the presence of PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and L-tyrosine as kinetic inhibitors at various concentrations. The experimental results show that increasing the pressure of the system, causes to increase the experimental gas consumption and decrease the induction time. Also, the extent of gas hydrate formation at a given time is clearly less in the presence of the inhibitors. Moreover, when comparing the gas consumption during the hydrate formation for simple gas hydrate formation in presence of PVP and L-tyrosine inhibitors, it is seen that the gas consumption in presence of L-tyrosine is lower than that of PVP for all experiments.}, keywords = {Simple gas hydrate formation,Kinetic inhibitor,Inhibition,L-tyrosine,PVP,Gas hydrate formation rate}, url = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1516.html}, eprint = {https://jchpe.ut.ac.ir/article_1516_19b36d51a7928c97c2cb9999600719cf.pdf} }